National Archaeological Museum Athens

Quick Information

ADDRESS

28is Oktovriou 44, Athina 106 82, Greece

RECOMMENDED DURATION

4 hours

Timings

13:00–20:00

VISITORS PER YEAR

500000

TICKETS

From $18.56

NUMBER OF ENTRANCES

EXPECTED WAIT TIME - STANDARD

30-60 mins (Peak), 0-30 mins (Off Peak)

EXPECTED WAIT TIME - SKIP THE LINE

0-30 mins (Peak), 0-30 mins (Off Peak)

Did you know?

Established in 1829, the National Archaeological Museum stands as the first museum of the independent Greek state. Initially located in Aegina, the first capital, it moved to Athens in 1834 when the capital shifted and officially opened its doors in 1889.

The museum is housed in a graceful neoclassical building from the 19th century.

As the largest museum in Greece, it encompasses an area of 8,000 m² divided into numerous halls showcasing an outstanding collection of antiquities with over 11,000 exhibits. The museum possesses one of the world's most extensive and impressive bronze collections.

What to see at the National Archaeological Museum in Athens?

Collection of Mycenean artifacts

Period: Late Bronze Age (around 1600 BC to 1100 BC)
Must-see highlights: Gold Death Mask of Agamemnon, grave treasures from the Mycenean nobility

Although its name suggests otherwise, Agamemnon’s death mask did not belong to the Homeric hero. The Mycenean civilization likely had another prosperous king of the same name, who ruled the Aegean lands much before the Trojan War.
The Linear B clay tablets were one of the earliest written records of the Greek language and offer a glimpse into the Mycenean administrative system.

Collection of Cycladic works

Period: Early Bronze Age (around 3200 BC to 2000 BC)
Must-see highlights: Marble statues, pottery, and kitchen tools

The minimalist marble statuettes, with their characteristic folded arms and flat features, are some of the most recognizable artifacts from the Cycladic civilization. Most of these statues were placed in graves.
The stylized representation of the human form in Cycladic statues is quite similar to 20th-century art.

Collection of Egyptian antiquities

Period: Predynastic to the Roman period (from around 3000 BC to the 4th century)
Must-see highlights: Statues of Ramses II, wooden coffins from Thebes, sarcophagi, amulets, and scrolls with inscriptions from the Book of the Dead

The wooden coffins, mummies, and other funerary objects offer a closer look at the burial practices and Egyptian beliefs in the afterlife.
A majority of this collection is from the New Kingdom era, a period of artistic achievements. You will find clay tablets and pieces of temple walls adorned with scenes depicting religious ceremonies, military victories, and their daily life.

Collection of Cypriot antiquities

Period: Bronze Age to the Roman period (from 2500 BC to 4th century)
Must-see highlights: Terracotta figurines, pottery, and metalworks

The statues from the Sanctuary of Apollo at Kourion, one of this collection's most significant religious objects, likely date from around the 1st century BC and are made from terracotta.
The diversity of objects in the Cypriot collection suggests that it once was the hub of trade networks in the Mediterranean.

National Archaeological Museum Athens collection

Collection of Classical sculptures

Period: 5th to 4th century BC
Must-see highlights: Statue of Peplos Kore, the Kouros of Anavyssos, and the Parthenon Friezes

The Friezes from the Parthenon are carved from marble and depict scenes from Greek mythology and the Panathenaic procession, offering a glimpse into Athenian art and religious practices during the Classical period.
The collection also traces a significant development in Greek sculpting styles, from the rigid forms of the Archaic period to the more naturalistic and dynamic postures of the Hellenistic period statues.

Collection of metalworks

Period: Mostly from Mycenean (1750 BC to 1100 BC) and the Classical period (500 BC to 323 BC)
Must-see highlights: Mycenean daggers, Spartan armor, bronze statues, farming tools, jewelry, and others

The sophistication of farming equipment and weaponry reflects the technological progress of the period.
This collection also includes figurines made from silver, gold, and bronze, depicting gods and goddesses, people going about their daily lives, and humans and animals together. These offer a closer glimpse of the religious beliefs and everyday life of ancient Greeks.

Must-visit artifacts inside the museum

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The Antikythera Mechanism

The Antikythera Mechanism is the world’s first analog computer, built as a complex series of bronze gears lodged within a wooden case. It was once used to determine planetary positions and eclipses for astrological purposes.

Epinetra of Aphrodite

This terracotta piece depicting Goddess Aphrodite was used in ancient Greek households to cover the thigh when spinning wool. The reference to Aphrodite, the goddess of fertility, is a silent nod to the domesticity and femininity associated with spinning wool.

Gold Death Mask of Agamemnon

The gold death mask of Agamemnon, dating back to the 16th century BC, offers a glimpse into funerary practices and the disposable wealth in the hands of the nobility in the Mycenean period. This solid gold mask was used to cover the face of a deceased noble upon death.

The Varvakeois Athena

The Varvakeois Athens is a Roman copy of the renowned statue of Athena Parthenos on the top of the Acropolis hill. This smaller version of the original statue shows how Romans embraced Greek culture and held their Greek counterparts in high esteem.

Marble statues of Kouros and Kroisos

These marble statues are some of the finest examples of Archaic-style sculpture, often used as grave markers or offerings to the gods. As you explore, you'll notice the evolution from the Kouros statue, depicting a generic young man with idealized proportions, to the Kroisos statue, representing a fallen warrior with more dynamic and expressive features.

Tombs of the Karameikos

The tombstones, vases, jewelry, weapons, and sculptures, uncovered from an ancient cemetery in Athens, will tell you about the burial practices, social customs, and day-to-day activities from the 12th century BC to the Roman period. Karameikos was particularly revered as a sacred site and was thought of to be the intersection between life and death in those times.

The Nester’s Cup

The Nestor’s Cup is a historic drinking vessel inscribed with a line from Homer’s Iliad, referencing the legendary cup of Nestor. As one of the earliest examples of Greek inscriptions on artifacts, it offers a rare glimpse into Greece’s early poetic traditions.

Artemision Bronze

There is much confusion over whether the outstretched arm of this statue is seen holding a thunderbolt or a trident. However, the Artemision Bronze, no matter whether it is of the Olympian King Zeus or the Sea God Poseidon, is known for its hyper-realistic anatomy and dynamic pose.

The Jockey of Artemision

This bronze figure dates back to the Hellenistic period, depicting a young boy riding a racehorse at full gallop. It was found off a shipwreck, signaling that it may have been a part of a bigger cargo of precious artifacts.

Portrait Head of Emperor Hadrian

This marble sculpture dates back to the Roman period and shows the emperor with his trademark features like his characteristic beard. Publius Aelius Hadrian was one of the 5 Good Roman Emperors, known for their just rule. This portrait may have been Hadrian’s efforts to associate himself with Greek culture and philosophy.

Mycenean Warrior Vase

The Mycenean Warrior Vase is a large krater vase, featuring detailed portraits of soldiers in a military procession, marching off to war. Although the vase depicts imagery of war, it wasn’t used to fight battles. The vase was most likely used for decorative purposes or to dilute wine during prolonged celebrations.

Marble statue of a Sphinx

The Sphinx statue depicts a mythical creature with the body of a lion, the wings of an eagle, and the head of a woman, sitting upright with a dignified posture. The Sphinx was revered as a symbol of protection and was often placed on grave monuments.

Digital exhibitions | 3-D models and restorations

Parallel Time: Meet the Clay Army in Greece

Period: Around 323 BC to 31 BC
Significant artifacts: Terracotta figurines, including warriors, gods, animals, and everyday people
Highlights:

The exhibition draws parallels between the Greek terracotta figurines and the Chinese Terracotta army. Created after Alexander the Great’s conquests, these artifacts reflect the spread of Greek art across the Mediterranean and Asia.
With interactive screens and AR technology, you can view the figurines from all angles and even reconstruct broken statues to see how they once looked.

The Countless Aspects of the Beautiful

Period: Starting from the 5th century BC
Significant artifacts: Venus de Milo, Discobolus, and the Doryphoros
Highlights:

This exhibition celebrates the Greek pursuit of idealized human form and beauty. From marble statues, and bronze figurines, to terracotta pieces, you can witness the evolution of Greek art and aesthetics here.
The collection also includes red and black figure vases of Gods and heroes as well as pieces of jewelry, such as necklaces, earrings, and diadems, studded with precious stones.

Antiquities and the Greek Revolution

Period: Around 510 BC to 323 BC
Significant artifacts: Letters, portraits, and personal items of notable members of society
Highlights:

Featuring weapons, armor, and personal belongings of soldiers, this exhibition brings the Greek War of Independence to life, helping visitors make sense of the revolutionary movement from Ottoman rule from 1821 to 1830.
This section also features interactive maps, AR screens, and multimedia displays that underscore the importance of conserving ancient artifacts. Rediscovering these treasures sparked a sense of national pride among Greek soldiers during the War of Independence.

National Archaeological Museum in Athens showcasing ancient Greek artifacts and sculptures.

Odysseys

Period: Around 1200 BC
Significant artifacts: Vases painted with scenes from heroic epics, ancient manuscripts, Renaissance paintings, and modern adaptations of the Odyssey
Highlights:

This exhibition displays audio guides and VR experiences to bring the Odyssey’s stories to life. You can experience a simulation of Odysseus’ ship and encounter legendary creatures like the Cyclops and sirens.
Here, you will also find a number of modern literary works related to the epic, providing a comprehensive understanding of ancient Greek mythology. Isn’t it intriguing how a story written a millennia ago continues to inspire storytellers to re-interpret the Homeric heroes?

History of the Athens National Archaeological Museum

1829: After Greece’s liberation from the Ottoman Empire, the museum houses its first collection on the island of Aegina.
1834: The museum’s collection is moved to Athens and kept at the Temple of Hephaestus.
1866: Architect Ludwig Lange offers a design plan for the museum, which is later improvised by Panagis Kalgo, Armodios Vlachos, and Ernst Ziller.
1866 to 1889: The Greek government, with generous donations from the likes of Eleni Tositsa, begins the construction of Athens’ first independent archaeological museum.
1891 to 1900s: The museum grows its collection with donations from significant archaeological sites around the world.
1939 to 1945: During World War I, the Athens National Archaeological Museum hides its collections to prevent them from being damaged or stolen.
1980s to 1990s: The authorities add climate control systems to make visitors feel more comfortable when exploring the exhibits.
2002 to 2004: To prepare for the 2004 Athens Olympic Games, the museum adds new exhibition halls and improves its facilities.
2010 to 2024: The museum continues to add advanced digital displays to enhance visitor experience.

The Museum’s Neoclassical legacy

Architecture of the National Archaeological Museum Athens

The National Archaeological Museum of Athens was built in a Neoclassical style with a grand facade, balanced proportions, and a symmetrical layout. Its design reflects the enduring influence of ancient Greek architectural principles.

The museum’s entrance is marked by a large portico, supported by Corinthian columns, a trademark feature of Classical Greek architecture. These columns lead up to a triangular pediment adorned with sculptures depicting scenes from Greek mythology.
The museum has long, spacious corridors, and well-proportioned galleries. They are not only designed for aesthetic appeal but also to better manage the flow of visitors in and around the rooms.
Large windows and skylights are strategically placed within the museum, flooding the galleries with ample natural light. This design element enhances the viewer experience and also pays homage to the ancient Greek buildings, which were designed to take advantage of the Mediterranean sunlight.

Best routes to get to the Athens Archaeology Museum

Frequently asked questions about National Archaeological Museum Athens

How large is the museum's collection?

The Athens National Archaeological Museum is built on 8,000 square meters and houses over 11,000 exhibits, offering a comprehensive view of Greek civilization across millennia. The collection is meticulously organized by era and artifact type, making it easy for visitors to explore.

When was it opened to the public?

Ludwig Lange, a famous architect, had laid out the first design plan for the museum in 1886. After significant improvisations by Panagis Kalgo, Armodios Vlachos, and Ernst Ziller, the museum was opened to the public in 1889. It was the first national archaeological museum of the independent Greek state.

What are the most famous artifacts on display at the museum?

The National Archaeological Museum of Athens provides a wealth of information on Greek civilization through exhibits, audio-guided tours, and interactive displays. Among its 11,000 exhibits, the Antikythera mechanism, Mycenean Warrior Vase, Artemision bronze statue, and the gold mask of Agamemnon are some must-see highlights.

What is the best way to navigate the museum to see all the highlights?

Start with the prehistoric collection, then move through the sculptures, vases, and artifacts. The museum is organized to guide visitors chronologically, so following this path ensures you’ll experience the artifacts in historical context.

Is there a particular time when the museum is less crowded?

Early mornings on weekdays are typically quieter, making it the best time to visit the National Archaeological Museum, if you want to avoid crowds and take your time exploring.

Are there any interactive or family-friendly exhibits?

Yes, the Athens Archaeological Museum has a few interactive displays, like the Antikythera Mechanism, 3-D models, and advanced augmented reality simulations, which instantly transport you to a mythical world. One such VR experience you must try is Odysseus’ ship, where you can feel what it must have been like to be the Homeric hero, battling the Cyclops and sirens to return to Athens.

Can I see the original Parthenon sculptures at the museum?

The National Archaeological Museum in Athens does not house the original Parthenon sculptures. Most of the original Parthenon Marbles are displayed at the British Museum in London. However, this museum does hold a few fragments of the Parthenon frieze, which depict scenes from the Panathenaic procession held in honor of the goddess Athena.

What is the Antikythera Mechanism, and why is it famous?

The Antikythera Mechanism is an ancient Greek analog device used to predict astronomical positions. Often referred to as the world’s first computer, it’s one of the museum’s most intriguing artifacts.

What is the Mycenean collection known for?

The Mycenean collection in the Athens National Archaeological Museum is known for housing artifacts uncovered from the Late Bronze Age (around 1600 to 1100 BC). Its most famous piece is the gold death mask of Agamemnon, which was used to cover the face of a deceased noble from around that time.

Can I touch the exhibits at the museum?

You cannot the artworks and artifacts inside the Athens Archaeological Museum. However, visitors with partial or full vision loss can take advantage of a special tactile workshop. A knowledgeable personnel will take you through about 20 sculptures, which you can touch and experience.

Is the museum collection accessible to visitors with disabilities?

The National Archaeological Museum has ramps and elevators to accommodate visitors with limited mobility. This museum in Athens also provides tactile tours and special educational programs for visitors with partial or full vision loss and hearing problems. There are almost 20 exhibits inside the museum, which visitors with disabilities can touch and experience.